The cochlea is the main structure of the human auditory system. It is not actually an organ itself, but a bony structure in the inner ear that contains the auditory organ. Sound waves travel into the outer ear canal, vibrating the structures of the ... More>
The spine or the vertebral column is a column normally composed of 33 vertebrae (bony segments forming the spine), of which 24 are articulated (3 sections in the upper portion) and 9 are fused (2 sections in the lower portion). Inside the spinal col... More>
Studying the cell, the most basic unit of all life, was made possible was made possible by the invention and perfection of the microscope by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke in the early 1600s. After first observing the checkerboard-like stru... More>
The human nervous system is a complex collection of specialized cells that spans throughout the entire body, encompassing more than 100 billion cells in the brain alone. The purpose of the nervous system is to allow humans to detect stimuli, assess ... More>
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a multi-organ system of proteins and receptors regulated by hormones and cytokines to control a number of mechanisms associated with fluid balance and vasoconstriction. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main active... More>
When people think of an ear, they often think of those external appendages on the sides of our heads more accurately called auricles. The actual ear is inside our skulls. Many animals, like rodents, have a bony encasement around the ear ... More>
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